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Productive Thinking

#2 September 13, 2023

Playing the game

My friend Brian Donovan advocates that leaders need to change the game to maintain competitiveness.

What is the game, how do you play it, and what is the modern style of play? 

This newsletter focuses on capital creation, and the other two questions will be covered in future editions. If you can’t wait, then read Capital, Systems, and Objects.

Key thoughts

The game is capital creation

The purpose of an organization is to create capital. Typically, such a statement fires the neuron that equates capital with financial assets, but there are six major types of capital (see the following table). Capital creation occurs when one or more forms of capital are converted to other forms of capital or there is an enhancement of the same capital.

Types of capital
Capital Description
Economic Financial, physical, manufactured resources
Human Skills, knowledge, and abilities of a workforce
Natural Rights to use or extract natural resources, such as farming and mining
Organisational Digitised knowledge (databases) and standardised procedures (software), routines, patents, manuals, and structures
Social The ability of an organisation to benefit from its social connections
Symbolic Organisational reputation, image, brands, and ranking within an industry

While many organisations, and probably yours, focus on creating economic capital by producing a product or service it can sell, this is not universally true. Universities, for instance, concentrate on creating human (graduates) and organisational (knowledge and intellectual property) capital. Religions produce social (the community of believers) and symbolic (prestige and authority) capital. Government agencies fashion economic (e.g., highways) and organisational (e.g., regulation of electronic communication) capital creation, which in turn provides critical capital for other organisations to incorporate in their capital creation processes.

All organisations are in the business of creating capital and most need to continually transform their capital creation model to retain a compelling value proposition. Effective leaders implicitly envision how to create and continually revise their recipe for creating capital to maintain or grow their Cʹ (capital productivity).

The capital creation mixing bowl
Capital creation mixing bowl

A capital creation model

A consulting firm creates capital by hiring highly skilled personnel with domain knowledge (human capital), such as a cybersecurity professional with extensive experience in the banking industry. The firm’s partners use their network of connections (social capital) to engage clients. The firm develop’s tools and processes (organisational capital) to raise its human capital’s productivity (e.g., an effective reproducible procedure for identify a client’s digital cybersecurity weaknesses). The resulting recipe generates revenue (economic capital) when proficiently implemented and managed.

A capital creation model for a consulting company
Capital creation mixing bowl

Critical reflections


Rick Watson

Research Director
Digital Frontier Partners

Regents Professor & J. Rex Fuqua Distinguished Chair for Internet Strategy Emeritus, University of Georgia

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Comments and conversations are welcome.

Rick Watson